Caroline Freund
Peterson Institute
Washington, DC, United States
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Past articles by Caroline:
Soaring demand is driving double-digit import price inflation in the United States
At a time of soaring price increases in the United States, inflation in the US import sector has been soaring the most. Import price inflation in the first half of 2022 was in the double digits, above US consumer price index and personal consumption expenditures inflation. Excess demand for certain imported goods is playing a big role, but so are supply shortages caused by temporary business… → Read More
Sino-US Economic and Trade Relations in the Global Economy
The Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE) and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) held a major conference on “Sino-US Economic and Trade Relations in the Global Economy” on September 17, 2018. The Honorable Jacob J. → Read More
Trump Plays Reagan's Game on Tariffs and Taxes
Once again, talking tough on trade is a smokescreen for giving tax cuts to the rich. → Read More
A US Content Requirement in NAFTA Could Hurt Manufacturing
The US administration is reportedly considering adding a US-specific content requirement for vehicles imported through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). → Read More
Scrapping NAFTA Will Sink the Peso and Expand Trade Deficit
The threat of a trade war with Mexico has receded as talks proceed this fall over renewing the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). → Read More
U.S. Needs China Trade Deals, Not 'Remedies'
Despite the strict entry rules to the Chinese market, U.S. companies can't pass up unrivaled growth prospects. → Read More
Why China Isn’t Ready Yet to Lead Globalization
As the United States under President Donald Trump retreats from its leadership role on global integration, China is well placed to take the position. → Read More
Streamlining Rules of Origin in NAFTA
After promising last year to terminate US participation in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), President Donald Trump has opted for renegotiation in several areas, including in the “rules of origin” chapter. → Read More
Manufacturing and the 2016 Election
Much of the public discourse and media analysis of the surprise outcome of the 2016 US presidential election has emphasized the role of manufacturing workers. → Read More
Public Comment on Trump Administration Report on Significant Trade Deficits
At the end of March, President Donald Trump signed an executive order directing the Commerce Department and the US Trade Representative (USTR) to assess the → Read More
Why Renegotiating NAFTA Could Disrupt Supply Chains
Supply chains have become increasingly interlinked across the US-Mexico border. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), allowing tariff-free commerce between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, has facilitated this integration. → Read More
Effects of Consumption Taxes on Real Exchange Rates and Trade Balances
This paper examines the effects of border-adjusted consumption taxes (mainly value added taxes or VATs) in a sample of 34 advanced economies from 1970 through 2015. → Read More
Chinese Firms Enter the Ranks of Global Superstars
Western corporations that dominated global industries until quite recently are increasingly facing competition from emerging-market economies, especially China. The last decade witnessed astonishing growth in China, with real GDP more than doubling between 2004 and 2014. Essential to this development has been the rise of Chinese firms into the ranks of the world's largest firms. These charts,… → Read More
Global Concentration Is Declining
Much research on industry concentration has focused on concerns over the growing monopoly power of large firms in the United States, but few have examined competition and concentration at the global level. → Read More
The Fallacy of Trump’s Alternative Trade Calculation
The Trump administration is reportedly considering a change in the way it calculates bilateral trade deficits. → Read More
PIIE Debates Border Adjustment Tax
The proposal for a “border adjustment tax,” sponsored by House Speaker Paul Ryan and other House Republicans, has divided the business community and economic professionals alike, as a recent conference at the Pe → Read More
Trump Is Right: 'Border Adjustment' Tax Is Complicated
House Republicans say it’s just like a value-added tax. Here’s why it isn’t. → Read More
Multinational Investors as Export Superstars: How Emerging-Market Governments Can Reshape Comparative Advantage
This paper investigates three cases—Malaysia, Costa Rica, and Morocco—in which host authorities were successful in using foreign direct investment to change the export profile of the domestic economy. → Read More
Don't Be Fooled by the Name, the US Export-Import Bank Is about Exports and Jobs
There is a lot for President-elect Donald Trump to like about the US Export-Import Bank (EXIM). It promotes US exports, supports good jobs in the country, and doesn't cost taxpayers anything—in fact it returns money to the Treasury. → Read More
The US Export-Import Bank Stimulates Exports
One year after the US Export-Import Bank (EXIM) was reauthorized by Congress, the debate over its future continues to rage. EXIM, meanwhile, remains hampered by lack of a three-member quorum on its Board, preventing it from approving transactions over $10 million. → Read More